A stunning advance by Syrian rebels ended Bashar al-Assad’s decades-long rule, with opposition forces taking the capital and forcing the president to flee on 8 December.
The overthrow followed a 13-year civil war, which started after Assad crushed pro-democracy protests, killing more than half a million people and displacing millions more, and embroiled international powers and their proxies.
The world is now watching to see how Syria’s political landscape shapes up after the overthrow of the Assad family’s half-century rule.
Those with a vested interest in the conflict and the future of the country include, on one side, Russia and Iran – which backed Assad – and on the other, the US and Turkey, which supported different rebel groups.
Here we explore how those countries, along with Israel, have played a role in Syria – and could continue to do so.
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